Unit : 8 

A detailed design of a water treatment plant would include a layout of the facility, including the locations of the various treatment processes and equipment, as well as a hydraulic profile, which is a diagram showing the flow of water through the plant.

The layout of the facility would typically include the following components: 

  • Raw water intake
  • Pretreatment, such as screening or sedimentation to remove large debris
  • Coagulation and flocculation, where chemicals are added to the water to cause small particles to clump together
  • Sedimentation or clarification, where the larger particles that were formed in the previous step settle out of the water
  • Filtration, where the remaining particles are removed from the water through a physical barrier
  • Disinfection, where the water is treated with chemicals or UV light to kill any remaining pathogens 
  • Final storage, where the treated water is held before being distributed to customers

The hydraulic profile would show the flow of water through these different stages of treatment, including the flow rate and the pressure at each point. This information is important for determining the sizing and capacity of the equipment and ensuring that the water is treated effectively.

It is important to note that the design of a water treatment plant will vary depending on the source of the water being treated, the specific contaminants that need to be removed, and the regulations and standards that must be met.